Table 1
Early Regional Health Information Organizations
| Organization | Established | Members | Governance | Services | Architecture |
| CA: Santa Barbara County Care Data Exchange | 1998 | Hospitals, public health department, staff model physicians, independent physicians, hospital and send out labs, state Medicaid plan | 10 Board members, 3 officers, each with 1 vote | Record locator service, clinical data exchange | A central master patient index with distributed peer to peer exchange of clinical data and federated authentication |
| IN: Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC)/Indiana Health Information Exchange (IHIE) | 1994/2004 | Hospitals, physicians, clinics, public health, labs, radiology centers, local government, medical societies, economic development | INPC has a management committee, IHIE a community board | INPC offers clinical summaries, longitudinal patient record, clinical reminders, electronic laboratory reporting, syndromic/statistical surveillance, clinical messaging, etc.; IHIE offers clinical messaging | Centrally managed federated databases with central global patient index, provider index, and federated authentication |
| MA: Mass Health Data Consortium/MA-SHARE | 1978 | Payers, providers, employers, patient advocacy groups, state government, and IT vendor partners | Board of managers with 1 member/1 vote authority on all decisions | HIPAA transaction exchange, record locator service, clinical data exchange, e-prescribing utility | A central master patient index with distributed peer to peer exchange of clinical data and federated authentication |
| NY: Taconic Health Information Network and Community (THINC) | 2001 | Hospitals, physicians, labs, clinics, government agencies, medical societies, payers | Collaborative steering committee advises MedAllies (the technical service bureau) | Community data exchange, clinical messaging, referral management, physician/patient communication, e-Prescribing, electronic health records, practice management system | Central master patient index with a clinical data repository; peer-to-peer exchange contemplated |
| TN: MidSouth eHealth Alliance | 2004 | Provider focused with some plan and clinician involvement; employers, patient advocates, vendors to be incorporated initially through advisory board | Board of managers with 1 member/1 vote authority on all decisions | Record locator service, clinical data exchange | Central master patient index; initially a physically “central” clinical data and authentication but designed in a manner that will allow a decentralized model to evolve if appropriate |
