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J Am Med Inform Assoc 14:722-730 doi:10.1197/jamia.M2377
  • The Practice of Informatics

The Impact of e-Prescribing on Prescriber and Staff Time in Ambulatory Care Clinics: A Time–Motion Study

Table 4

Staff Time Spent on Specific Task Categories*

Registered Nurses Medical Assistants
Task Category SL—Paper Mins. per Hr (n = 7) HP—Desktop Mins. per Hr (n = 12) SN—Laptop Mins. per Hr (n = 3) Weighted Mean Difference (95% CI) Mins. per Hr SL—Paper Mins. per Hr (n = 4) HP—Desktop Mins. per Hr (n = 9) SN—Laptop Mins. per Hr (n = 7) Weighted Mean Difference (95% CI) Mins. per Hr
Computer Tasks 12.1 17.8 16.1 5.4 (0.0, 10.7)† 5.9 9.7 8.9 3.4 (−0.1, 7.0)
Writing Tasks 4.7 3.9 3.3 −0.9 (−2.5, 0.7) 4.5 5.3 2.4 −0.4 (−6.2, 5.4)
Computer and Writing Tasks, combined* 16.9 21.7 19.4 4.4 (−2.2, 11.0) 10.4 15.0 11.3 3.0 (−1.9, 7.9)
Talking Colleague/Other 8.4 7.9 7.2 −0.7 (−5.0, 3.5) 12.9 15.7 7.4 −0.8 (−7.8, 6.2)
Examine Chart/Other 4.6 6.2 2.0 0.8 (−2.1, 3.6) 3.9 10.3 7.8 5.3 (0.6, 9.9)‡
Phone Colleague/Other 5.4 8.0 7.2 2.4 (−1.7, 6.5) 3.0 4.3 3.8 1.1 (−2.1, 4.3)
Walking 4.4 3.9 2.3 −0.9 (−2.5, 0.7) 5.7 6.1 5.6 0.2 (−3.1, 3.5)
Talking to Patient or Family 3.5 0.8 3.3 −2.2 (−5.1, 0.7) 3.5 0.7 10.3 1.4 (−2.2, 5.0)
Phone Patient 7.1 6.5 7.5 −0.4 (−4.7, 3.8) 0.9 0.1 2.1 0.1 (−1.9, 2.1)
Procedure 2.5 3.1 6.9 1.3 (−1.5, 4.2) 3.1 1.9 5.9 0.6 (−3.5, 4.7)
Other, miscellaneous 7.2 2.1 4.2 −3.4 (−5.1, −1.7)‡ 16.7 5.9 5.9 −10.8 (−27.0, 5.5)
Prescription or formulary related fax or phone call 1.2 1.0 1.3 −0.2 (−1.3, 1.0) 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.6 (−0.4, 1.5)
  • SL = Silver Lake; HP = Harbour Pointe; SN = Snohomish.

  • * We provide detail on task categories that took up ≥7.5% of time at one or more site. Other tasks are grouped as ‘other’.

  • P ≤ 0.05.

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