Hogan, William R; Wagner, Michael M

Table 3

Summary of CPRs

Study	Name of System	Time in Usea	Data-entry Mechanism	Scope of System	Data Content
Jelovsek/Hammond, 197816	Computerized Obstetric Medical Record (COMR)	7 years	Encounter forms and patient questionnaires	University hospital obstetric clinics	Demographics, history, physical, laboratory, medications, diagnoses
Fortinsky/Gutman, 198117	—b	2 years	Encounter forms	University hospital family practice clinic	Demographics, diagnoses, diagnostic codes
Jones/Hedley, 198618	—	3 years	Encounter forms	University hospital diabetes clinic	Demographics, history, physical, laboratory, complicationsc
Maresh et al., 198619	—	2 years	Encounter forms	University hospital dept. of obstetrics	Demographics, history, physical, discharge summaries, laboratory, diagnostic codes
Dambro/Weiss, 198820	COSTAR	3 weeks	Encounter forms	University hospital family practice clinics	Demographics, history, physical, laboratory, medications, diagnoses, treatments
Block/Brennan, 198921	MediData Medical Information System	4 years	Physician dictation	Urban hospital family practice clinics	Demographics, history, diagnoses, diagnostic codes
Gouveia-Oliveira et al., 199122	SISCOPE	1 year	Direct physician entry	University hospital dept. of gastroenterology	Endoscopy reports
Johnson et al., 19912	AAH Meditel	—	Direct physician entry	Numerous general practicesd	Medications, diagnoses
Kuhn et al., 199123	—	6 years	Physician dictation	University hospital dept. of gastroenterology	Endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound reports
Barrie/Marsh, 199224	Manchester Orthopaedic Database	1.5 years	Physician dictation	Community hospital dept. of orthopedics	Demographics and orthopedic diagnoses, procedures, and complications of procedures
Kuhn et al., 199225	—	21 weeks	Direct physician entry	University hospital dept. of gastroenterology	Endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound reports
Edsall et al., 199326	ARKIVE	—	Automatic capture of vital signs and direct physician entry	University hospital dept. of anesthesiology	All components of anesthetic record
Payne et al., 199327	—	8 months	Transcription of paper-based records	Large HMO	Demographics, immunization records
Ricketts et al., 199328	Manchester Orthopaedic Database	1 year	Physician dictation	Community hospital dept. of orthopedics	Demographics and orthopedic diagnoses, procedures, and complications of procedures
Barlow et al., 199428	Basingstoke Orthopaedic Database	2.5 years	Direct physician entry	Community hospital dept. of orthopedics	Demographics and orthopedic diagnoses, procedures, and complications of procedures
Hohnloser et al., 199429	—	1.5 years	Entry of data by laboratory staff	University hospital dept. of pathology	Hematology biopsy reports, diagnostic codes
Wilton/Pennisi, 19943	—	—	Transcription of paper-based records	University hospital pediatric clinics	Demographics, immunization records
Pringle et al., 199530	EMIS	—	—	Four general practicese	Demographics, history, physical, laboratory, medications, diagnoses, treatments, referrals
Yarnall et al., 199531	The Medical Record (TMR)	10 years	Encounter forms	University hospital family practice clinic	Demographics, laboratory, medications, diagnoses, diagnostic codes, x-ray reports
Wagner/Hogan, 199632	BGC EMR	1.5 years	Encounter forms and direct clinician entry	University hospital geriatrics clinic	Demographics, history, physical, laboratory, medications, diagnoses, referrals

↵a Refers to how long the system had been in use when the data in question was entered and is approximate.
↵b Empty blocks signify that the information was not available from the article.
↵c As pertain to diabetes and its complications.
↵d A total of 433 general practices linked to a mainframe were included. The system was commercial, and it is not clear whether the practices share data.
↵e The authors selected practices that had a history of high rates of recording patient data.

Accuracy of Data in Computer-based Patient Records

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